This collection of research titles about culinary consists of every topic from food poisoning to preservation methods. The food and restaurant market is a vast and demanding industry that is expanding at a rapid pace. Another important limitation is its sensitivity to the frequent presence of inhibitors co-extracted with nucleic acid from complex matrices [8]. Finally, ddPCR throughput and cost are advantageous relative to those of qPCR for routine GMO quantification. This performance was similar to those of the two singleplex qPCR assays, which was linear over the same dynamic ranges (R2 hmg = 0.9939 and R2 MON810 = 0.9958) (data not shown). However, the hmg and MON810 were affected differently under all the tested conditions, resulting in under-estimations of the MON810 content and/or loss of sensitivity (data not shown). The use of buttermilk in baking in India. Another important factor when introducing new methods or technologies for testing GMOs in food and feed is their applicability. GMO laboratories use adapted DNA extraction methods that in some cases may reduce inhibition during the qPCR analysis. The cookery and food industry is the largest one, among others. The second phase of the study, to be published in a subsequent issue of the Journal of Hospitality Education and Research, will comprehend a considerably broader sample and seek to confirm and elaborate on these initial findings. Standard curves were prepared from five serial dilutions of the copy/copy ratio certified reference material ERM-BF413gk (starting from approximately 100 ng to 1 ng DNA per reaction) and used in two replicates. Quantification of routine samples using ddPCR is therefore practical and has the potential to provide better throughput and cost-effectiveness than qPCR for GMO laboratories. All along the dynamic range, the cv of the determined hmg copies, MON 810 copies, and MON810 content remained below the threshold for acceptance of quantitative methods (cv<25%) (Table S5). Producers often add … What are the healthiest sugar substitutes? Research Proposal submitted to the University of Dublin Trinity College, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor in Nursing Studies The impact of the size of the plate on our level of hunger. It follows a strict process of data collection. The ddPCR response was linear over concentrations ranging from an average of 5 to 118,000 hmg copies (0.02% to 99.5% positive droplets) with a coefficient of correlation (R2) of 0.9990. That’s why they come to Mintel. Including NTC and quantification control reactions in the set-up, a total of 20 reactions would be necessary to reliably quantify MON810 in four samples. The aim of your quantitative research is to determine the number of students in your High school taking up TVL Home Economics now, are planning to study food and beverage courses at college and will pursue a career in the food and beverage industry. Epistemologists refer to this as quantitative research (1, 2, 3).It is well suited to testing the effectiveness of interventions, evaluating outcomes, mining statistical … No, Is the Subject Area "Genetically modified organisms" applicable to this article? Enzymatic digestion of MON810 genomic DNA (gDNA) with TaqI (New England Biolabs GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) was performed as described (see Appendix S1) [19]. 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For qPCR, measurements were made in duplicate. These results are not surprising: the difficulty of multiplexing qPCR assays is well documented, including its application to GMO quantification [26]–[28]. The results obtained should be applicable to other fields where quantitative testing in food and feed samples is required. Top 100 Research Topics & Titles about Food & TVL When you look for a good research paper topic, you can easily become the severest critic of any proposed idea. Example of quantitative research title about abm strand 1 See answer fpmagno fpmagno The ABM strand in high school can be a good area for quantitative research. Interestingly, for the DNA extracts obtained with NSF, very low differences were observed between the MON810 content determined by ddPCR in the stock (presenting inhibition with qPCR) and the diluted DNA solutions for both matrices (Table S8 in Appendix S2). Unfortunately, your browser is too old to work on this site. It was recently suggested that it is preferable to expose gDNA to endonuclease restriction in order to improve amplification efficiency and to increase the accuracy of GMO target copy number measurement with cdPCR [19]. Self-service kiosk in fast-food restaurants. Dilutions of the stock extracted DNA solutions were made with nuclease- and protease-free water (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh, Munich, Germany), using pipettes calibrated with a SAG285 precision weighing module (Mettler-Toledo d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia). The amount of fats children and adults need: statistical analysis. Similarly, no significant variation of the measured MON810 content was observed between the singleplex and the duplex ddPCR assays (bias = 5.8%) (Table S3). MON810 content measured by ddPCR in five series of seven target concentrations. Low-glycemic index diet to treat diseases. What are the advantages of the macrobiotic diet? How do restaurant services manage the Big 8 allergens? A correlation between the climate and diet. Food adulteration and law. MON810 content measured by ddPCR in five series of seven replicates. This result suggests that the ddPCR duplex assay is more tolerant to inhibitors found in some complex food and feed matrices than the qPCR assays, as suggested earlier [18]. The fifth series was prepared by one operator on a second day and ddPCR reactions were performed on another 96-well plate. Feel free to alter any topic to your liking. The applicability of ddPCR with different sample matrices and the practicability of use for routine GMO testing were also evaluated. Taking GMO testing as a concrete example, ddPCR key performance parameters, using the QX100 droplet system (Bio-Rad, Pleasanton, CA), were compared with current qPCR performance and with the recently studied performance of cdPCR [11], [18]. What are the properties of CBD infused foods? 640118/2008/67 on performing activities as holder of the national standard MIRS/NIB/FITO for the amount of substance in food of plant origin. here. The aLOQ of the duplex ddPCR assay was therefore equal to or better than that estimated for the qPCR performance. CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. ddPCR workflow and data analysis were performed as described (see Appendix S1) [15]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062583.s008, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062583.s009. Therefore, apart from the mastermix and settings that are specific to the QX100 droplet system, primers and probe nucleotide sequences and concentrations, DNA concentration, and PCR thermo-profile were kept identical to those in the qPCR assays. Similarly, comparison of the values between the five cartridges showed low variability (cv<10%) for all the three measured parameters (Figure 2 and Table S6). these title examples gives you an idea of quantitative research topic The overall repeatability could also be estimated by analyzing the results of the experiment performed for aLOQ and dynamic range determination. Inhibition effect on MON810 quantification in qPCR and ddPCR. Thus, a simple ddPCR testing set-up is proposed (set up B, Table S9 in Appendix S2) that included two replicate reactions for each test portion of the sample, in accordance with the ISO 21570:2005 standard [30]. Less than 10% variability was observed within each of the five cartridges for the determination of hmg copies, MON810 copies, and MON810 content. the nucleic acid fragment introduced in the host genome) to that of the endogene (reference gene in the host genome) [10]. Healthy fast-food chains in the US: an overview. They are accommodating for students who want to write a paper related to food. It also shows very good sensitivity, suitable for GMO testing. Why should people with diabetes avoid mass-production sauces? The ddPCR measurements of MON810 content were in agreement with the accepted values obtained with qPCR but with a bias slightly above the acceptance limit for the wheat seed-powder flour sample (Tables 1 and S6). To assess trueness, data generated by the experiments for dynamic range determination and for intra- and inter-cartridge repeatability performance were used. A total of 35 replicate positive ddPCR results were then analyzed. The historical analysis: the real birthplace of curry. gDNA endonuclease restriction for ddPCR testing was also evaluated and found unnecessary (Table S4). Moreover, when compared to qPCR, the ddPCR assay showed better repeatability at low target concentrations and a greater tolerance to inhibitors. 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