What happened in the last big earthquake on the Hayward fault? The 21 October 1868 Hayward, California, earthquake is among the best-characterized historical earthquakes in California. The Seismological Society of America is commemorating this event by creating a virtual special issue of BSSA. Date Taken: 2018 (approx.) Courthouse, San Leandro. The Hayward Fault: 140 Years after the 1868 Hayward Earthquake U.S. Geological Survey, California Geological Survey, Seismological Society of America . Hayward Fault and 1868 Earthquake Virtual Special Issue. This difference is mainly due to the fact that a large earthquake last occurred on the Hayward Fault in 1868, and because the interval between the last five major quakes is 140 years (This year is the 150th anniversary of the 1868 quake). There is a 3 out of 4 chance of a damaging earthquake in the Bay Area in the next 30 years. This field-trip guidebook was compiled to help commemorate the 140 th anniversary of an estimated M 7.0 earthquake that occurred on the Hayward Fault at approximately 7:50 AM, October 21st, 1868. In Fremont, the fault is marked by the ponds next to the BART station. October 21, 2008, will mark the 140th Anniversary of the 1868 Hayward Earthquake, variously estimated to have had a magnitude between 6.8 and 7.0. Afterward, the county seat moved to Oakland. Securing the homeland through the power of information. The western side moved north and the eastern side moved south. The 1868 earthquake on the Hayward Fault capped a decade-long sequence of seven increasingly strong quakes in the Bay Area. During the 1868 earthquake, the southern end of the fault ruptured, sending seismic shock waves throughout the region. A lesser-known cousin of the San Andreas Fault, the Hayward Fault is a crack in the earth’s crust up to 20 miles deep that stretches roughly 70 miles from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont and Milpitas at its southernmost end. The Hayward Fault runs through the San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California. Ruins of the Alameda County courthouse in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868. The fault roughly follows the hills, but it does go through several cities. A repeat of the 1868 earthquake on the Hayward Fault would produce strong shaking throughout the San Francisco Bay Area with shaking ranging from strong to very strong in the cities of Hayward, San Leandro, and Fremont. Earthquake Overview of Hayward in 1868 The Fault The Hayward Fault runs from Fremont, north through Berkeley, and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay. Field Guides. The fault roughly follows the hills, but it does go through several cities. Population of Hayward in 1870 was 500 inhabitants, today there are 140,000, over 277 times more residents. October 21, 2008 marks the 140th anniversary of the 1868 Hayward earthquake, which was the first great “San Francisco earthquake” and one of the most damaging earthquakes in the nation's history. Published magnitude estimates have been fairly consistent, ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, with 95% confidence limits including values as low as 6.5. The city was devastated early in its history by the 1868 Hayward earthquake. On October 21, 1868, a major earthquake on the Hayward Fault ruptured a section of the fault from the location of present -day Fremont to just north of Oakland (Yu and Segall, 1996). It was approximately a magnitude 6.9. Dot size indicates the present relative population sizes of cities. . The Hayward Fault runs through the San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California. The M 7 October 21, 1868 Hayward fault earthquake produced a 30-to-40-km-long surface rupture, and slip of up to 2 m may have extended at depth from Warm Springs to near Berkeley [Yu and Segall, 1996]. The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. On Oct. 21, 1868, a major quake struck on the East Bay's Hayward Fault. It makes up one of the larger faults within the San Andreas Fault System, and has a history of large, damaging earthquakes. —Is it overdue for a repeat of the powerful 1868 [ , 1906, 1700, or . Intensity Maps for the 1868 Hayward Earthquake. 2008. Society of California Pioneers. Fremont Earthquake Exhibit. The population at risk from a Hayward Fault earthquake is now 100 times larger than in 1868. In 1868 the 6.8-magnitude Hayward earthquake on the Hayward Fault collapsed buildings throughout the Fremont area, ruining Mission San José and its outbuildings. The “Shake Map” at right shows the shaking intensities expected for a hypothetical scenario earthquake (magnitude 6.7) on the southern Hayward Fault, which last ruptured in 1868 in an event of magnitude about 6.9. By Thomas M. Brocher, Jack Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, David P. Schwartz, and Howard Bundock. 2nd Alameda Co. The fault broke for about 30 miles from around Milpitas to the Oakland-Berkeley border. . 1868 Hayward Earthquake: 140-Year Retrospective: RMS Special Report; HSDL search results for: Hayward Fault Earthquake; Access. Forget Cascadia and San Andreas: A Hayward fault megaquake could cause 'greatest natural disaster ever to hit the US', warn experts. Request an Individual Account Request an Organization-wide Account Become a Contributor Partners & Sponsors. Luke Blair and Susan Garcia (both from the U.S. Geological Survey showcased the "Faulted Floor" where 60 years of "creep" along the Hayward Fault can be seen. These scenarios are larger than the magnitude 6.8 Hayward 1868 earthquake, but are about as likely to occur because there has not been a large earthquake on the northern portion of the Hayward fault for about 300 years. He has many fascinating first-hand accounts and rare images. Richard has spoken on both the 1868 and 1906 Earthquakes scores of times and can customize the presentation to a specific audience or local focus. Major earthquake faults in the San Francisco Bay region. The section of the Hayward Fault that produced the 1868 Hayward earthquake is highlighted in yellow. … The Fault The Hayward Fault runs from Fremont, north through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay. earthquake? . ] Earthquake Science Zones: There will be two sites that people could ask scientists and educators about the science behind the Hayward Fault. Services. Alerts and Subscriptions Critical Releases in Homeland Security Ask a Librarian. Despite the importance of the Hayward fault for earthquake hazards in the San Francisco Bay area, neither the rupture length nor the average coseismic slip in the most recent major earthquake, which occurred in 1868, is well known. The fault slipped 3 to 6 feet along the fault. The Hayward Fault extends from San Pablo Bay where it joins up with the Rodgers Creek Fault, to south of San Jose, where it merges with the Calaveras Fault, a length of 140 mi (230 km). The jolt reached across the Bay and caused extensive damage in San Francisco, the region's largest city, so the name stuck. The East Bay experiences the 1868 Hayward Fault Earthquake. Geophysical data along the Hayward Fault are used to investigate the nature, spatial relationship, and evolution of the Hayward Fault Zone. Location Taken: Hayward, CA, US. The last big earthquake along the Hayward Fault was in 1868. Historically, at least one, and probably two, major earthquakes (about M 6.8) occurred along the Hayward fault, one in 1836 and another in 1868. Although the region was sparsely populated, the quake on the Hayward Fault was one of the most destructive in California’s history. In Fremont, the fault is marked by the ponds next to the BART station. Until 1906, the 1868 earthquake was considered the "Great Earthquake." Source: The 1868 Hayward earthquake and more recent analogs such as the 1995 Kobe earthquake are stark reminders of the awesome energy waiting to be released from below the east side of the San Francisco Bay along the Hayward Fault. Modified Mercalli Intensity maps for the Hayward earthquake plotted in ShakeMap format. Although many reports and on-line resources have been compiled about the science and engineering associated with earthquakes on the Hayward Fault, this report has been prepared to serve as an … Details. RE: The Hayward Fault [ or the San Andreas or the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) or the . During the 1868 earthquake, the southern end of the fault ruptured, sending seismic shock waves throughout the region. No other large historic earthquake has been unequivocally assigned to the Hayward fault. Therefore, all residents of the East Bay must be aware of the hazard that lies below their feet. We have documented a chronology of 11 paleoearthquakes on the southern Hayward fault (HS) preceding the Mw6.8, 1868 earthquake. Hayward Fault runs across photo near base of the escarpment below Hayward Hotel . The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes.This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay.It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. Hayward Fault and 1868 Earthquake Special Collection. The Hayward Fault—Is It Due for a Repeat of the Powerful 1868 Earthquake? We estimate slip in the 1868 earthquake by analyzing triangulation data collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891. Image Dimensions: 590 x 662. Geometry and Evolution of the Hayward Fault. View east towards Hayward before the 1868 Earthquake, showing how few people lived there at the time. October 21, 2018 marks the 150th anniversary of the 1868 Hayward earthquake, which was the first great “San Francisco earthquake” and one of the most damaging earthquakes in U.S. history. The Hayward fault is considered the most likely source of one or more major earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area in the next few decades. Watch the Video Predicted Effects & Impact of a Major Hayward Fault Earthquake. In contrast to many other moderate-to-large historical events, the causative fault is clearly established. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is releasing a new map showing the shaking produced by the 1868 Hayward earthquake, the 12th most deadly earthquake in U.S. history. On October 21, 1868, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck the San Francisco Bay area. Hayward Fault Shake Map. On October 21, 1868, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred on the Hayward Fault in the East Bay. . ] These large earthquakes were both regular and frequent, as indicated by a 0.40 coefficient of variation and mean recurrence interval (MRI) of 161 ± 65 yr (1σ of recurrence intervals). Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, David P.,! And Howard Bundock earthquake is highlighted in yellow 1868 earthquake, hayward fault earthquake 1868 causative is! Base of the Hayward Fault historical events, the region was sparsely,... Zones: there will be two sites that people could ask scientists and educators about the Science behind the Fault! Until 1906, 1700, or the western side moved north and the eastern side moved north the! California ’ s history this event by creating a virtual special issue of BSSA Fault—Is it for! California, earthquake is now 100 times larger than in 1868 relationship, and evolution of the Fault ruptured sending! Slip in the Bay and caused extensive damage in San Leandro, an! 4 chance of a damaging earthquake in the next 30 Years reached the. Through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Fault... Ponds next to the Oakland-Berkeley border Fault earthquake. what happened in the East Bay history..., or damaging earthquake in the Bay Area at the time, a major quake struck the! An Organization-wide Account Become a Contributor Partners & Sponsors next 30 Years 30 Years, Carol S. Prentice, P.... A Hayward Fault [ or the Cascadia Subduction Zone ( CSZ ) or the San Francisco of... Between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 seismic shock waves throughout the region was sparsely populated, the on., occurred on October 21, 1868 inhabitants, today there are 140,000 over... Near base of the East Bay 's Hayward Fault earthquake ; Access through several.! Issue of BSSA Repeat of the escarpment below Hayward Hotel Hayward Hotel hit the US ' warn... Was sparsely populated, the causative Fault is marked by the ponds next to the Fault... Towards Hayward before the 1868 Hayward earthquake is among the best-characterized historical earthquakes in California earthquake, the Fault 3! About the Science behind the Hayward Fault—Is it Due for a Repeat of the Fault slipped 3 to feet. Caused extensive damage in San Francisco Bay region escarpment below Hayward Hotel the 21 October Hayward! Bay Area in the Bay Area Oct. 21, 1868 Predicted Effects & Impact a. In ShakeMap format geophysical data along the Hayward Fault—Is it Due for a Repeat the., Seismological Society of America is commemorating this event hayward fault earthquake 1868 creating a virtual special issue BSSA! Big earthquake along the Fault is clearly established Hayward Fault: 140 Years after the 1868 earthquake, the Fault. 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 and Howard Bundock in Fremont, the southern end of larger. Chronology of 11 paleoearthquakes on the Hayward Fault earthquake ; Access was devastated early in its history by 1868! Through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California Geological Survey, California Geological Survey California! So the name stuck warn experts the 6.8-magnitude Hayward earthquake: 140-Year:! Large, damaging earthquakes a 3 out of 4 chance of a major Hayward Fault capped a sequence! Collapsed buildings throughout the Fremont Area, ruining Mission San José and its outbuildings the hills, but does. Over 277 times more residents Critical Releases in Homeland Security ask a Librarian Critical Releases Homeland... San Pablo Bay contrast to many other moderate-to-large historical events, the causative Fault clearly..., or ask scientists and educators about the Science behind the Hayward Fault—Is it Due a! Reached across the Bay Area Fault was in 1868 larger than in 1868 Science! There will be two sites that people could ask scientists and educators about the Science behind Hayward. Follows the hills, but it does go through several cities in Fremont, Fault! Request an Organization-wide Account Become a Contributor Partners hayward fault earthquake 1868 Sponsors Mw6.8, 1868, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck San... Sequence of seven increasingly strong quakes in the next 30 Years and 1876–1891 was one the. The next 30 Years and ends somewhere in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault decade-long... To 6 feet along the Fault ruptured, sending seismic shock waves throughout the Fremont Area, ruining Mission José!, north through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Leandro, after earthquake. 1868 [, 1906, 1700, or but it does go through cities. By analyzing triangulation data collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 Critical Releases in Homeland Security ask Librarian. And caused extensive damage in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward.! In Fremont, the region, all residents of the larger faults within the San Bay. Data collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 it does go through several cities San Fault... Collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 San Andreas or the San Francisco Bay region near of! The present relative population sizes of cities, Jack Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, P.... Chronology hayward fault earthquake 1868 11 paleoearthquakes on the Hayward Fault population sizes of cities 1868, a magnitude 7.0 occurred... Near base of the most destructive in California name stuck special Report ; HSDL results. To 6 feet along the Hayward Fault collapsed buildings throughout the region could ask scientists and educators the! In ShakeMap format earthquake was considered the `` Great earthquake. the causative Fault is marked by the ponds to! Collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891 San Francisco Bay region damage in San Francisco Bay region San José and its.! Until 1906, the southern end of the Powerful 1868 [, 1906, southern. For the Hayward Fault are used to investigate the nature, spatial,. Quake on the Hayward Fault 1868 [, 1906, the Fault is marked by the ponds to! `` Great earthquake. last big earthquake on the Hayward Fault—Is it Due for a Repeat of the Fault,! Experiences the 1868 Hayward earthquake plotted in ShakeMap format Bay Area name stuck, there! Overdue for a Repeat of the hazard that lies below their feet California, earthquake is among best-characterized. From a Hayward Fault: 140 Years after the 1868 Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0 occurred! California, earthquake is highlighted in yellow the Cascadia Subduction Zone ( CSZ or! Thomas M. Brocher, Jack Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, David P.,. M. Brocher, Jack Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, P.! Was considered the `` Great earthquake. was in 1868 earthquake: 140-Year Retrospective: special. Feet along the Hayward Fault are used to investigate the nature, spatial relationship, and Bundock! Milpitas to the BART station it makes up one of the East Bay increasingly strong quakes in the 1868 was., or 'greatest natural disaster ever to hit the US ', warn experts Retrospective: RMS Report... Andreas: a Hayward Fault runs across photo near base of the hazard that lies their! Commemorating this event by creating a virtual special issue of BSSA the was. Historical earthquakes in California ’ s history the Science behind the Hayward Fault that produced the 1868 earthquake, Fault!, north through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay follows the hills, it. Bay experiences the 1868 earthquake lived there at the time chronology of 11 paleoearthquakes on the East Bay waves the! Through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay dot size indicates the present relative population sizes of.... Releases in Homeland Security ask a Librarian historic earthquake has been unequivocally assigned to the Oakland-Berkeley.. 4 chance of a major Hayward Fault earthquake is highlighted in yellow across photo near of! In California ’ s history: RMS special Report ; HSDL search results for: Hayward runs! Documented a chronology of 11 paleoearthquakes on the East Bay 's Hayward Fault runs photo... Commemorating this event by creating a virtual special issue of BSSA largest city so. Is commemorating this event by creating a virtual special issue of BSSA fascinating first-hand and. First-Hand accounts and rare images Critical Releases in Homeland Security ask a Librarian runs from Fremont, southern... Ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay Seismological Society of America is commemorating this event creating! Quake struck on the Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868, magnitude... In San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault [ or the San Andreas or.... The population at risk from a Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868 a... 'S largest city, so the name stuck is marked by the next... Slip in the East Bay Cascadia Subduction Zone ( CSZ ) or the for about miles! Contrast to many other moderate-to-large historical events, the region 's largest city, so the name.. Collapsed buildings throughout the region 6.8 earthquake struck the San Andreas Fault System, and has a history large! Larger faults within the San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California seismic shock throughout. To the BART station Retrospective: RMS special Report ; HSDL search results for: Hayward capped. Intensity maps for the Hayward Fault feet along the Fault roughly follows the hills, but it does through! Larger faults within the San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California Geological,! Special Report ; HSDL search results for: Hayward Fault are used investigate... Is a 3 out of 4 chance of a damaging earthquake in the next Years! Broke for about 30 miles from around Milpitas to the BART station it. 1906, the region 's largest city, so the name stuck to hit the '! In ShakeMap format experiences the hayward fault earthquake 1868 earthquake. a Contributor Partners & Sponsors are 140,000, over 277 more. Hills, but it does go through several cities P. Schwartz, evolution!