In contrast, the canopy of the Sumatran palanquin was oval-shaped and draped in white cloth; this was reflective of greater cultural permeation by Islam. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. Because of the difficulties posed by the mountainous terrain of the Korean peninsula and the lack of paved roads, gamas were preferred over wheeled vehicles. Page Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. 240-242. Palanquin (page 49) A palanquin, or palankeen, is a covered litter used for moving people, usually carried on the shoulders of four men. 1. [14] Private chairs were an important marker of a person's status. A traditional bride is carried to her wedding ceremony by a "shoulder carriage" (Chinese: 肩輿; pinyin: jiān yú), usually hired. means a sedan chair. palanquin (plural palanquins) A covered type of litter for a stretched-out passenger, carried on four poles on the shoulders of four or more bearers, as formerly used (also by colonials) in eastern Asia. Gamas were primarily used by royalty and government officials. Login . To re-enable the tools or to convert back to English, click "view original" on the Google Translate toolbar. a conveyance formerly used especially in eastern Asia usually for one person that consists of an enclosed litter borne on the shoulders of men by… palanquin - a closed litter carried on the shoulders of four bearers. [4][6] Larger palanquins are rectangular wooden boxes eight feet long, four feet wide, and four feet high, with openings on either side screened by curtains or shutters. The same safe and trusted content for explorers of all ages. In the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty, wooden carriages on poles appear in painted landscape scrolls. Take a minute to check out all the enhancements! When they needed to go anywhere, they were veiled and carried in a hammock or a basket-like litter similar to bird’s nests carried by their slaves. A palanquin is a covered litter, usually for one passenger. Connection. When their master's palanquin passed, they bowed their heads to the dust, as was proper. They were also common in Asia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. All Free. Palanquins appear in ancient Egyptian paintings and were used by the Persians and the Romans. [9] Rickshaws, introduced in the 1930s, supplanted them for trips around town. Litters can also be created quickly by the lashing of poles to a chair. Palanquins are mentioned in literature as early as the Ramayana (c. 250 BC). n palanquin A covered conveyance, generally for one person, used in India and elsewhere in the East, borne by means of poles on the shoulders of four or six men. The Devanagari is monolinear and was designed alongside the sans serif Latin. It was always part of a large military procession, with a yellow (the Javanese colour for royalty) square canopy. [4][9] Also in the time of the British in India, dolis served as military ambulances, used to carry the wounded from the battlefield. a covered litter, formerly used in the Orient, carried on the shoulders of four men. It is usually some eight feet long by four feet in width and depth, fitted with movable blinds or shutters, and slung on poles carried by four bearers. Seat-style litters with a single pole along the back of the chair carried by two men (usually slaves) were topped with an umbrella. [9][10] The post office could arrange, with a few days notice, relays of bearers to convey a traveller's palanquin between stages or stations. PALANQUIN. [citation needed]. Kagematsu, where one person judges the behaviour of the many. In Great Britain, in the early 19th century, the public sedan chair began to fall out of use, perhaps because streets were better paved or perhaps because of the rise of the more comfortable, companionable and affordable hackney carriage. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen or more people. It consists of a box that is…. The largest and heaviest types would be carried by draught animals. Other Information - Setting: Bell comments in his diary for 7th March 1921 that an attempt was made to photograph the Dalai Lama, in his palanquin: 'This morning at about 7 am we saw the Dalai Lama's Chip-gyu Chem-no from the Potala to Norbu Lingka, the return journey. for lack of decent roads) and/or as a status symbol. palanquin definition: 1. a structure formerly used in East Asia for transporting one person. Palanquins were usually reserved for royalty or people of great importance. Dictionary entry overview: What does palanquin mean? With over 20 years of experience in tea blending and tea tasting, Mukesh Popat is very passionate about Palanquin Tea. [18], Portuguese and Spanish navigators and colonisers encountered litters of various sorts in India, Mexico, and Peru. Occasionally, a weapon or heirloom, such as an important keris or tombak, was given its own palanquin. A palanquin is a covered vehicle without wheels that requires at least four strong people to carry it. Overall, it is more rigid and geometric in design than the Fire Nation style. A special type of royal, these individuals were forbidden to walk on the ground or be exposed to the general populace. Lightly O lightly we bear her alongShe sways like a flower in the wind of our songShe skims like a bird on the foam of a stream. Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. A sedan was even used as an ambulance in Scotland's Royal Infirmary. Palanquin Bearers poem by Sarojini Naidu. We’ve been busy, working hard to bring you new features and an updated design. The word is derived from the Sanskrit palyanka, meaning bed or couch. [5], Ibn Batutta describes them as being "carried by eight men in two lots of four, who rest and carry in turn. litter - conveyance consisting of a chair or bed carried on two poles by bearers. The chair with perhaps the greatest importance was the bridal chair. פִּרְיֹ֗ון).A word found only in ASV and RSV in the Song of Solomon 3:9 (KJV CHARIOT). Palanquins appear in ancient Egyptian paintings and were used by the Persians and the Romans. The habit must have proven quite persistent, for the Third Council of Braga in 675 AD saw the need to order that bishops, when carrying the relics of martyrs in procession, must walk to the church, and not be carried in a chair, or litter, by deacons clothed in white. Kago (Kanji: 駕籠, Hiragana: かご) were often used in Japan to transport the non-samurai citizen. These were lacquered in an auspicious shade of red, richly ornamented and gilded, and were equipped with red silk curtains to screen the bride from onlookers.[14]. These porters were known in London as "chairmen". During that same period the number of registered hackney carriages in Glasgow rose to one hundred and fifty. The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of persons. A palanquin is a covered litter, usually for one passenger. , palankeen. They were also common in Asia. 10 Little-Known Facts About Cleopatra. The palanquin has two long and yellow bars that extend from either side of the vehicle. See more. Its pali form is palanka and Hindi and Bangla, palki. It’s inspired by classic indie roleplaying games such as… Dream Askew / Dream Apart, where players own certain elements of the fiction. word is uncertain, but it prob. [17], From at least the 15th century until the 19th century, litters of varying types known as tipoye were used in the Kingdom of Kongo as a mode of transportation for the elites. These were not the proper sedan chairs "to carry the better sort of people in visits, or if sick or infirmed" (Celia Fiennes). Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders … Dignitaries would have an entourage to carry parasols. The occupant thus faced backwards during travel. The Portuguese apparently added a nasal termination to these to make palanquim. Designs include foliage, animals, and geometric patterns. In traditional Javanese society, the generic palanquin or joli was a wicker chair with a canopy, attached to two poles, and borne on men's shoulders, and was available for hire to any paying customer. The precise meaning of the Heb. Sedan chairs were once the only public conveyance in Hong Kong, filling the role of cabs. [2] Several houses in Bath, Somerset, England still have the link extinguishers on the exteriors, shaped like outsized candle snuffers[2] (photo). One of these mountains where the silla is still used is the Huangshan Mountains of Anhui province in Eastern China. A commoner used a wooden or bamboo civil litter (Chinese: 民轎; pinyin: min2 jiao4), while the mandarin class used an official litter (Chinese: 官轎; pinyin: guan1 jiao4) enclosed in silk curtains. pal-an-ken': In Song of Solomon 3:9 occurs 'appiryon, a word that has no Semitic cognates and is of dubious meaning. [5] Owning one and keeping the staff to power it was a luxury affordable even to low-paid clerks of the East India Company. : The princess was put into this palanquin, and immediately set out for Calais. PALANQUIN (pronounced palankeen, a form in which it is sometimes spelled), a covered litter used in India and other Eastern countries. In traditional weddings, the bride and groom are carried to the ceremony in separate gamas. Close. The smallest and simplest, a cot or frame suspended by the four corners from a bamboo pole and borne by two bearers, is called a doli. In the Catholic Church, Popes were carried the same way in Sedia gestatoria, which was replaced later by the Popemobile. Examples of litter vehicles include jiao (China), sedan chairs (England), palanquin (also known as palki) (India), and gama (South Korea). The palanquin proper is a sort of box about 8 feet long, 4 feet wide, and as much in height, with wooden shutters made on the principle of … Britannica does not review the converted text. Travellers by silla usually employed a number of porters, who would alternate carrying the occupant. It is carried by an even number of bearers (between two and eight, but most commonly four) on their shoulders, by means of a pole projecting fore and aft. 1 Appearances 1.1 Beauty and the Beast 1.2 New Adventures of Disney's Beauty and the Beast 1.3 House of Mouse 2 Trivia Palanquin only has a brief appearance in the first film and was unnamed. noun palanquin a covered litter, formerly used in the Orient, carried on the shoulders of four men 0; noun palanquin a covered litter used in S Asia, usually for one person, carried by poles on the shoulders of two or more men 0; See all 3 definitions of palanquin . Ä°ngilizce Türkçe online sözlük Tureng. Such novelties, imported into Spain, spread into France and then to Britain. [3] The conveyance proved popular with European residents in India, and was used extensively by them. [16][original research?] The curtains kept off a possibly fatal draft. Palanquin is a living stagecoach, or at least the unseen pilot of the coach, existing as a result of the Enchantress' curse. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more men, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. palanquin - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. Stained glass is also used to decorate the litters. In form, however, it resembles the Sanskrit paryanka, and still more closely the Greek phoreion, both of which mean "litter bed." The joli was transported either by hired help, by nobles' peasants, or by slaves. Hence, the Revised Version (British and American) "palanquin" (ultimately derived from paryanka). pal-an-ken': In Songs 3:9 occurs 'appiryon, a word that has no Semitic cognates and is of dubious meaning. When used in such occasions these palanquins may be seen as a substitutes of a state coach in Europe or a horse used in Northern Ghana. PALANQUIN. Information and translations of palanquin in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. [14] Before Hong Kong's Peak Tram went into service in 1888, wealthy residents of The Peak were carried on sedan chairs by coolies up the steep paths to their residence including Sir Richard MacDonnell's (former Governor of Hong Kong) summer home, where they could take advantage of the cooler climate. [6], In the early 19th century, the most prevalent mode of long distance transport for the affluent was by palanquin. She belonged to a renowned family. There were six types of gama, each assigned to different government official rankings. "Origin of the Word Sedan", Hispanic Review, Vol. Please note: Text within images is not translated, some features may not work properly after translation, and the translation may not accurately convey the intended meaning. Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005. A palanquin (also called a litter) is a portable bed or couch, open or enclosed, that is mounted on two poles and carried at each end on the shoulders of porters or by animals. While the cáng has become obsolete, the kiệu is retained in certain traditional rituals a part of a temple devotional procession. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen or more people. Historically, the palanquin of a Javanese king (raja), prince (pangeran), lord (raden mas) or other noble (bangsawan) was known as a jempana; a more throne-like version was called a pangkem. Information block about the term. Traditional Vietnam employed two distinct types of litters, the cáng and the kiệu. These have been very rare since the 19th century, but such enclosed portable litters have been used as an elite form of transport for centuries, especially in cultures where women are kept secluded. In Bath they had the right-of-way: pedestrians hearing "By your leave" behind them knew to flatten themselves against walls or railings as the chairmen hustled through. The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kiso Kaidō, Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, "Pilgrim nation: The Goddess Meenakshi of Madurai", Trevor Fawcett, "Chair transport in Bath", Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Litter_(vehicle)&oldid=992273579, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2013, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, All articles that may contain original research, Articles that may contain original research from February 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 December 2020, at 12:22. A more luxurious version consists of a bed or couch, sometimes enclosed by curtains, for the passenger or passengers to lie on. Concerned that this indulgence led to neglect of business in favor of "rambling", in 1758 the Court of Directors of the company prohibited its junior clerks from purchasing and maintaining palanquins. [2] Where possible, the link boys escorted the fares to the chairmen, the passengers then being delivered to the door of their lodgings. In Europe this mode of transportation met with instant success. palanquin (n.) "a covered litter, generally for one person, used in India and elsewhere in the East, borne by means of poles on the shoulders of four or six men," 1580s, from Portuguese palanquim (early 16c. 1. a closed litter carried on the shoulders of four bearers Familiarity information: PALANQUIN used as a noun is very rare. In form, however, it resembles the Sanskrit paryanka, and still more closely the Greek phoreion, both of which mean "litter bed." The stagecoach was in the 1991 Disney animated film Beauty and the Beast. In Southern Ghana the Akan and the Ga-Dangme carry their chiefs and kings in palanquins when they appear in their state durbars. They were common in Italy, England, China, Korea, and many other countries. Learn more. Norimono were used by the warrior class and nobility, most famously during the Tokugawa period when regional samurai were required to spend a part of the year in Edo (Tokyo) with their families, resulting in yearly migrations of the rich and powerful (Sankin-kōtai) to and from the capital along the central backbone road of Japan. Palanquin is a game about a perilous journey and people trying to overcome their past. We hope you and your family enjoy the NEW Britannica Kids. The precise meaning of the Heb. palanquin meaning: 1. a structure formerly used in East Asia for transporting one person. 3 (July 1933), pp. T. Atkinson Jenkins. 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