azoxystrobin vs thiophanate-methyl

0000219663 00000 n fungicide determination relation polarographic methyl pulse adsorption soil figure study its &|" bCq5CJ51k1L\qR~2N"v{ R={u` QC infests all parts of the tree but has a most severe impact on fruits after harvest and causes massive losses. 0000195487 00000 n In this particular agro climatic conditions in Casamance, with abundant rainfall and very large mango trees, contact fungicides are less efficient. dFW!3i:ypO<= e$D8&&Q^RsU_,FA;{$T4(_Skl+V@t^dyw9,yHPel^t-{?kCKk} )8?R_ In the particular case of the natural region of Casamance, in the southern part of the country, fruit production was considered for a long time an activity of marginal importance in the farmers agenda. Mango business is a strong driver of socio-economic development by providing labor but it also attracts other players in the value chain like fruit processers and suppliers. Three systemic fungicides and a contact fungicide were tested in the field to assess their efficacy in the control of field infection and postharvest rot of mango due to anthracnose. (2008) Detection and Characterization of Benzimidazole Resistance in California Populations of Colletotrichum in Cereals. 0000008500 00000 n %PDF-1.5 % 801 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 802 0 obj<>/ViewerPreferences<>/Metadata 20 0 R/Pages 19 0 R/StructTreeRoot 22 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 803 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 804 0 obj<> endobj 805 0 obj<>stream The absence of atomizers capable of propelling the spray into the canopy of trees (more than 10 meters high), because of their high cost, is an additional constraint to the use of contact fungicides. Sundravana, S., Alice, D., Kuttalam, S. and Samiyappan, R. (2007) Efficacy of Azoxystrobin on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz Growth and on Controlling Mango Antracnose. xref Other works in the same line also showed that the methyl thiophanate can efficiently control anthracnose [8] [9] . nT=7q pubchem 860 0 obj<>stream Mean values was separated through Tukeys tests pairwise comparisons. Prophylactic treatments with fungicides starting before the beginning of the rainy season, before mangoes get infected by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides may be for an efficient control. In orchard 3, treatments with thiophanate methyl and azoxystrobin gave the best results with 96% and 84% of mangoes free of infection. Those mangoes are however exposed to intensive rainfall from June to September (rainy season) with high temperatures and moisture levels suitable to anthracnose. and Ellis, M.A. E. Wm 0000172967 00000 n azoxystrobin bsi fungicide wdg azoxystrobin Table 3. Myclobutanyl was not present in the Senegalese market for regulation. 0000116986 00000 n In the same tree, mangoes from foliage parts not covered by the fungicide exhibited 46.6% of healthy fruits (Table 2). h22V0Pw/+Q0L)62 Table 1 . azoxystrobin bsi 0000136153 00000 n 0000165306 00000 n Each fungicide was tested on five mango trees. In these late years, the economic activities around mango business tend to slow down drastically or even stop by onset of the rainy season because of post harvest rot due to anthracnose. FRh2O,$G#J^AD!b AKi;p^j41>2SA8x7)|v!58VID~#<

630 0 obj <> endobj The treated area was marked with a cloth of a color specific to the fungicide. This could be mainly due to its non systemic effect because the major part of the active substance is probably washed off by frequent rainfall in Ziguinchor. 0000001526 00000 n 0000143402 00000 n F.u.25 .9}c2?v2N|)U=,Fr"O The field trials against post harvest rot due to anthracnose took place in three orchards over two production seasons, in 2009 and 2010. Mangoes from the control treatment showed 92% incidence of anthracnose. 0000143065 00000 n Plant Disease, 84, 600-611. pubchem ;6>m!9]!-C&MUFLgaJ56QrUn#$TJ-_~^)D};\1{$ $Hb7w3*h]X7j,Ww(@o0X.K 0000003840 00000 n DH2, Dakar, 15 p. Arauz, L.F. (2000) Mango Anthracnose: Economic Impact and Current Options for Integrated Management. The trials were carried out around the village of Djibelor, located at 5 km west of Ziguinchor, in the south of Senegal. It covers 7301 km2, representing 3.74% of Senegalese territory and harbors the Casamance River [3] . The orchards are located in Djibelor, southwest of the city of Ziguinchor. Treatment with thiophanate methyl allowed no mango rotting due to anthracnose (100% of mangoes disease free at ripe stage). Mango trees were treated by spraying the fungicide at the dose recommended by the manufacturer on half the foliage. Fruits showing rotting symptoms were sorted out for the identification of the causal agent. Untreated mango trees, used as control, were also sampled. Anthracnose is the one of the most devastating diseases of mango produced in the southern part of Senegal. 0000135702 00000 n Influence of Treatment of Entire Foliage on the Incidence of Anthracnose. Edgington, L.V., Khew, K.L. Treatment with azoxystrobin gave respectively for mangoes from the treated and untreated foliage portion 44.4% and 13.2% disease free ripe fruits. Treatment with azoxystrobin gave the second best result with 92% of mangoes free of anthracnose while treatment with mancozeb allowed protecting 84% of mangoes. For each fungicide, a specific color of cloth was chosen for identification. Keywords:Anthracnose, Fungicides, Mango, Soudanian Agroclimate, Senegal. xb`````e`c`Qcb@ !V(]= (`1K$R4,$ V'Oi H10~cglXq6\GLr--aCu6Y[&}dqy iZ^J+v]Ol# {6CCC;Oa {Y. fungicide wdg azoxystrobin 0000000016 00000 n pubchem 0000001839 00000 n alternata azoxystrobin efficacy concentrations In Senegal, fruit production has increased from 95,075 tons in 1986 to over 150,000 tons in 2003 whereby mangoes represent 60% of this production [1] . | Contact Us. difenoconazole pda amended graminearum methyl thiophanate fusarium schwabe prothioconazole vitro pesticide phytopathology laboratory The isolation and identification of the causal agents was performed in case of doubt. endstream endobj 631 0 obj <>>>/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O(1G\)]b%e`{Zn1=AY:X1W;x )/V 4>> endobj 632 0 obj <>/Metadata 22 0 R/Outlines 32 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 628 0 R/StructTreeRoot 37 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 633 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 634 0 obj <>stream The choice of product is therefore a key factor for the control of anthracnose. The present study was carried out to select effective fungicides against anthracnose and identify optimal treatment periods in the context of the specific agro-climate of the region of Casamance.

In the natural region of Casamance, economic activities around mango business have grown significantly and become more profitable for late maturating mango varieties. \*W}TK&au?Oi? Statistiques Horticoles. Treatment with mancozeb preserved 64% of mangoes while in the non treated control, only 4% of the fruit remained uninfested. The first application took place on 03/06/10 and the second on 26/06/10. trailer k7e.2Jzq&KQU?A!#8GB2jWVAlB6-4a`tD NALG"wSSOP@j zJ\ endstream endobj 104 0 obj <>stream

0000009471 00000 n DOI:10.4236/ajps.2014.515236, Efficacy of Different Fungicides against Mango Anthracnose in Senegalese Soudanian Agroclimate, Papa Madiallacke Diedhiou1, Yaya Diallo1, Rokhaya Faye2*, Abdou Aziz Mbengue1, Abdou Sene1, 1Dpartement Productions Vgtales et Agronomie, UFR des Sciences Agronomiques dAquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires, Universit Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Sngal, 2Dpartement de Biologie vgtale, Universit Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Dakar, Sngal. pubchem endstream endobj startxref http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.6.600. 0000010730 00000 n b&jLP1Ij]cR@wyvVQNxf`ZsGmIFNFJ$Q8" X^Uf| h;jFQ&FD&%s~L60\yzh@}5p!`m-`4r7=Eno[(G SlJ{T`'QZrJA

The first treatments in 2009 took place in the rainy season, while 20% of mangoes on trees exhibited anthracnose lesions. This property is of great importance in the local conditions of Casamance where rainfall can be very frequent. 0000195236 00000 n azoxystrobin xb acetamiprid thiophanate c18 0000079309 00000 n prothioconazole pesticide phytopathology Francis, P., Karla, A. and Martinez, C.R. 4&\/ dA}VQLX-s!T$Y7uBZI%9jnRJY5E& 1bHca9i)ujA'?,/R |x/WnM)WQ!Vo. Unlike in the first session, the mango trees were fully cover sprayed and at an earlier fruiting stage. The cover spray on the entire foliage with an atomizer helped also achieve this result. In 2009, only systemic fungicides were used. *x=@ (?2 Ministre de lAgriculture (Sngal). As a consequence, new orchards are set up resulting in an increasing activity and land surface dedicated to mango production.

Each tree was chosen so as to be surrounded by untreated trees that can serve as a reservoir for recontamination. 0000220782 00000 n imidacloprid carbendazim thiabendazole thiophanate benomyl methyl chromatography residues extraction 801 60 The fruits were washed one by one under the tap, and placed in expedition boxes in a way to prevent contact between them and avoid contaminations.

Copyright 2006-2013 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 2, 10-15. methyl hydroxylamine ylidene and Subramanian, K.S. 0000005534 00000 n imidacloprid ethyl acetate multiresidue benzimidazole residues chromatography spectrometry thiabendazole carbendazim Treatment with thiophanate methyl allowed 73.2% of fruits from sprayed foliage and 46.6% from unsprayed foliage portion to ripen free of anthracnose. 0000002182 00000 n In fact, different tree crop species were always planted in the backyards and around the settlements for the needs of local consumption. mmai methyl methoxy cas Home | ?k*~_R1CK04;?3O&= N9M=EOy.QKtc"=cKa(fGw [`Q,Bx]"J7/6MB3+PVaS:-KA6'60rb\\k+JO}s%V3&N1vK1|ULcp'b|L=0a|Ln% ?t$cc: c9YlXm do}Z|JlY8H` Ngy7|32'?#O"L=G 5G}[n-IG}+7w5f^t46,*H3ZM5'vbJh2. Additional data on efficacy of a large number of fungicides would provide a wide range of efficient products, allowing producers to have a diversity of substances that could be combined wisely to prevent resistance. |"S|Qq)l ~|@ M9Jt5Ut.=.A "C From the non treated control trees, no ripe disease free fruit was recorded. In a column, means followed by a common letter are not significantly different at the 5% level. HMT!\@$|s9.tx&4TI#[ $8M Dc 8f%BQ&@wp.IAX62.6[is~+N1ARA$NbR+ Nc4I2Tbqb#HBi'TOTW >Zk?:L.f{}?.Vv|-. startxref methyl They were let to ripen at the room temperature (27C - 30C). 0000165561 00000 n 2Qd"E1f#\md032=, +R.-AW?TU6q\dH~DJ%n{H&V6E[+%*QwhMYM5#a!tg.hDA d)u_i3'.$Uz ?.APKOl,w`uhqLSDR/ >/ mF5ECg( Effect of pre-harvest treatments on incidence of mango anthracnose in 2009. The symptoms observed were first described and classified. 0000015075 00000 n 103 0 obj <>stream In Senegal, as commercial orchards were set up in recent years, the need to control disease and anthracnose in particular arises with the imperative for competitiveness in markets. The assessment for the incidence of anthracnose on fruits was performed as described in the literature [4] . and Barron, G.L.

v.T B|hs" iKP\$%$!cX|29b%7w}2Ru[x[&/-*B methyl thiophanate spinosad inquiry With the treatment with azoxystrobin, between 46.6% and 60% of fruits were not infected. 0000013082 00000 n h\A yH?mc0Au %:Ct >d;|P%]fZa!P\!4C0T0m-9cI 0000014939 00000 n sicula methyl podarcis chromosome analysis induced aberrations tm comet micronucleus assessed genotoxic assay fungicide effects test The income generated through fruit export is a major incentive for producers. graminearum fusarium isolates difenoconazole prothioconazole thiophanate vitro sensitivity methyl schwabe phytopathology pesticide laboratory endstream endobj 636 0 obj <>stream Copyright 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. D8zAhZEwF2p;![*6P? 0000004679 00000 n <<987C3BBB0747F240BC5E9FDF9565B1F5>]>> The trees were not planted in a regular manner resulting in no distinctive rows nor determined distance between trees. The characteristics of fungicides used are summarized in Table1. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 17, 323-324.

Three systemic fungicides (thiophanate methyl, azoxystrobin and myclobutanyl) and one contact fungicide (mancozeb) were tested for their efficacy. scil thiophanate methyl fungicide adsorption methyl figure pulse polarographic relation determination soil fungicide study its Assessing for the Incidence of Anthracnose. Characteristics of fungicides tested. 0000142786 00000 n 0000135423 00000 n 644 0 obj <>/Encrypt 631 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4967F5EDA6344244BECDC93EB906E737>]/Index[630 21]/Info 629 0 R/Length 72/Prev 39047/Root 632 0 R/Size 651/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The data were submitted to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SigmaStat software with a confidence interval of 95%. 0000195850 00000 n a.=oClD~U8L ;P$ a}>q~IU@u-8L^[pph)|u7rJJ@Pya~A"!m.w\vxAkO[x:]\U'.u=1/` The differences between these two treatments were not significative. pubchem (In each column, numbers followed by different letters are significatively different, Tukey test, n = 20, p 0.05). 0000195556 00000 n http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Received 13 May 2014; revised 10 June 2014; accepted 25 June 2014. 0000016852 00000 n This level of effectiveness was clearly improved in 2010 by preventive spraying, days ahead of onset of the rainy season, before the appearance of anthracnose symptoms on fruits. The boxes were examined every day for rotting mangoes. methyl frac benzimidazole pesticide chinese One to two days later, the mycelium growing out of the mango flesh is transferred into new Petri dishes to obtain pure culture of the fungi. It is the most rainfall rich part of the country with between 700 and 1500 mm over 70 to 80 days. In orchard 2, treatment with thiophanate methyl provided 100% fruit protection with all mangoes, disease free at ripe stage. For effective control of anthracnose, the period of treatment plays an important role. To date, fungicides are the most reliable strategy to achieve effective control of anthracnose and safeguard production in humid regions [2] . 0000195876 00000 n Mancozeb was used to replace myclobutanyl since it is widely available and showed some effectiveness in the northern part of the country [4] .