buddhi, Mandala (“circle”): a circular design symbolizing the cosmos and specific to a deity, Mantra (from the verbal root man “to think”): a sacred sound or phrase, such as om, hum, or om namah shivaya, that has a transformative effect on the mind of the individual reciting it; to be ultimately effective, a mantra needs to be given in an initiatory context (diksha), Mantra-Yoga: the yogic path utilizing mantras as the primary means of liberation, Marman (“lethal [spot]”): in Ayurveda and yoga, a vital spot on the physical body where energy is concentrated or blocked; cf. darshana, Duhkha (“bad axle space”): suffering, a fundamental fact of life, caused by ignorance (avidya) of our true nature (i.e., the Self or atman), Gayatri-mantra: a famous Vedic mantra recited particularly at sunrise: tat savitur varenyam bhargo devasya dhimahi dhiyo yo nah pracodayat, Gheranda-Samhita (“[Sage] Gheranda’s Compendium”): one of three major manuals of classical hatha yoga, composed in the seventeenth century; cf. acarya, Guru-bhakti (“teacher devotion”): a disciple’s self-transcending devotion to the guru; see also bhakti, Guru-Gita (“Guru’s Song”): a text in praise of the guru, often chanted in ashramas, Guru-Yoga (“Yoga [relating to] the teacher”): a yogic approach that makes the guru the fulcrum of a disciple’s practice; all traditional forms of yoga contain a strong element of guru-yoga, Hamsa (“swan/gander”): apart from the literal meaning, this term also refers to the breath (prana) as it moves within the body; the individuated consciousness (jiva) propelled by the breath; see jiva-atman; see also parama-hamsa, Hatha Yoga (“Forceful Yoga”): a major branch of yoga, developed by Goraksha and other adepts c. 1000 C.E., and emphasizing the physical aspects of the transformative path, notably postures (asana) and cleansing techniques (shodhana), but also breath control (pranayama), Hatha-Yoga-Pradipika (“Light on Hatha Yoga”): one of three classical manuals on hatha yoga, authored by Svatmarama Yogendra in the fourteenth century, Hiranyagarbha (“Golden Germ”): the mythical founder of yoga; the first cosmological principle (tattva) to emerge out of the infinite Reality; also called Brahma, Ida-nadi (“pale conduit”): the prana current or arc ascending on the left side of the central channel (sushumna nadi) associated with the parasympathetic nervous system and having a cooling or calming effect on the mind when activated; cf. Moksha is freedom from all bondage; freedom … In most cases, a good yoga teacher will incorporate plenty of non-Sanskrit instructions, as well as the words’ English-language translations, as you go through the class. It can be chanted, sung pr repeated internally for meditation. videha-mukti, Jnana (“knowledge/wisdom”): both worldly knowledge or world-transcending wisdom, depending on the context; see also prajna; cf. 30 Beautiful Sanskrit Words. One can try and use these words on a daily basis. It might seem like your teacher is speaking in a language you’ve never heard – in fact, the language of yoga is Sanskrit, which is the root of many Indian languages one of the oldest human languages of all. They are (1) yujir (2) yuj . Yogini : word used for woman … Yama is the first of the eight limbs of yoga outlined in the yoga sutras. This is a complete list of all Sanskrit Dhatu or Root words. vidya, Ayurveda, Ayur-veda (“life science”): one of India’s traditional systems of medicine, the other being South India’s Siddha medicine, Bandha (“bond/bondage”): the fact that human beings are typically bound by ignorance (avidya), which causes them to lead a life governed by karmic habit rather than inner freedom generated through wisdom (vidya, jnana), Bhagavad Gita (“Lord’s Song”): the oldest full-fledged yoga book found embedded in the Mahabharata and containing the teachings on karma yoga (the path of self-transcending action), samkhya yoga (the path of discerning the principles of existence correctly), and bhakti yoga (the path of devotion), as given by the God-man Krishna to Prince Arjuna on the battlefield 3,500 years or more ago, Bhagavata-Purana (“Ancient [Tradition] of the Bhagavatas”): a voluminous tenth-century scripture held sacred by the devotees of the Divine in the form of Vishnu, especially in his incarnate form as Krishna; also called Shrimad-Bhagavata, Bhakta (“devotee”): a disciple practicing bhakti yoga, Bhakti (“devotion/love”): the love of the bhakta toward the Divine or the guru as a manifestation of the Divine; also the love of the Divine toward the devotee, Bhakti-Sutra (“Aphorisms on Devotion”): an aphoristic work on devotional yoga authored by Sage Narada; another text by the same title is ascribed to Sage Shandilya, Bhakti Yoga (“Yoga of devotion”): a major branch of the yoga tradition, utilizing the feeling capacity to connect with the ultimate Reality conceived as a supreme Person (uttama-purusha), Read Chakra Healing: A Beginner’s Guide to Self-Healing Techniques that Balance the Chakras, Bindu (“seed/point”): the creative potency of anything where all energies are focused; the dot (also called tilaka) worn on the forehead as indicative of the third eye, Bodhi (“enlightenment”): the state of the awakened master, or buddha, Bodhisattva (“enlightenment being”): in Mahayana Buddhist yoga, the individual who, motivated by compassion (karuna), is committed to achieving enlightenment for the sake of all other beings, Brahma (“he who has grown expansive”): the Creator of the universe, the first principle (tattva) to emerge out of the ultimate Reality (brahman), Brahmacharya (from brahma and acarya “brahmic conduct”): the discipline of chastity, which produces ojas, Brahman (“that which has grown expansive”): the ultimate Reality (cf. Abhasavada: Doctrine holding that all creation is reflection of the Supreme Reality. Yoga : Union (original verb Yuj is to join) Yoga is to join Atman (individual consciousness) with Param Atman (universal consciousness) Yogi / Siddha : One who has reached the state of Union. It's also not referring to the union of mind and body, although, this is commonly repeated within the yoga community. (This article refers to yama as outlined in Patanjali yoga sutras, not Yama the Hindu god of death.). muni, Sadhana (“accomplishing”): spiritual discipline leading to siddhi (“perfection” or “accomplishment”); the term is specifically used in Tantra, Sahaja (“together born”): a medieval term denoting the fact that the transcendental Reality and the empirical reality are not truly separate but coexist, or with the latter being an aspect or misperception of the former; often rendered as “spontaneous” or “spontaneity”; the sahaja state is the natural condition, that is, enlightenment or realization, Samadhi (“putting together”): the ecstatic or unitive state in which the meditator becomes one with the object of meditation, the eighth and final limb (anga) of Patanjali’s eightfold path; there are many types of samadhi, the most significant distinction being between samprajnata (conscious) and asamprajnata (supraconscious) ecstasy; only the latter leads to the dissolution of the karmic factors deep within the mind; beyond both types of ecstasy is enlightenment, which is also sometimes called sahaja-samadhi or the condition of “natural” or “spontaneous” ecstasy, where there is perfect continuity of superconscious throughout waking, dreaming, and sleeping, Samatva or samata (“evenness”): the mental condition of harmony, balance, Samkhya (“Number”): one of the main traditions of Hinduism, which is concerned with the classification of the principles (tattva) of existence and their proper discernment in order to distinguish between Spirit (purusha) and the various aspects of Nature (prakriti); this influential system grew out of the ancient (pre-Buddhist) Samkhya-Yoga tradition and was codified in the Samkhya-Karika of Ishvara Krishna (c. 350 C.E. 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